Types of Dipole Antenna

 

A dipole antenna is a kind of Radio Frequency antenna containing wires or rods. It is a common type of antenna used in many applications. The term dipole means two poles. This antenna contains two similar conductive elements known as metal wires or rods.

In this antenna, there is an insulator at the CenterPoint that separates conductive materials. This point is known as the antenna section. Voltage and current passing through conductive elements will generate radio signals or electromagnetic waves.

Voltage is minimum at the center point of the antenna and current is maximum. On the other hand, the voltage is maximum and current is minimum at the ends of a High Gain Military Coaxial Dipole Antenna.

Design of a dipole antenna

A dipole antenna contains 2 conductive elements such as wires and rods. Radiating sections and feeder at the center are located on another side of an antenna. The length of a metal wire is half the highest wavelength.

Conductive elements in this antenna are divided into two sections via an insulator. This point is known as the antenna section. These sections are connected to a coaxial cable or feeder at the center point of the antenna.

Radiating length is determined by various factors such as feed impedance, center operating frequency, and so on. A dipole antenna is activated between a transmitter and receiver.

·      Dipole antenna transmitter

This antenna emits radio waves at the transmitter section. The voltage at the preferred frequency is offered to the antenna. Flow and current and voltage across the elements of the antenna produce electric and magnetic waves.

The transmitter in any antenna is an essential element made with the conductor.  This conductor will supply electric currency where the intensity of the current fluctuates and turns into RF radiation that travels in space.

·      Dipole Antenna Receiver 

Electromagnetic waves in the dipole antenna will give a little voltage to the receiver section. This leads the antenna to become the source of signal for the input of the receiver.

The receiver of the antenna does the reverse operation of the transmitter. It receives RF radiation and turns it into electric currents in an electric circuit that connects to the antenna.

Benefits of a dipole antenna

A Military Coaxial Dipole Antenna is one of the common types of antenna used in many areas. There are several Dipole Antenna Benefits such as:

Ø This antenna is very efficient after using it once at the resonant frequency.

Ø It has a simple design with an easy working process.

Ø One of the major Advantages of the Dipole Antenna is that it gives a wider frequency range than other kinds of antennas.

Ø This antenna has a large gap and it does not affect the performance.

Ø The dipole antenna is a kind of omnidirectional antenna while receiving and transmitting signals.

Ø It is easy and speedy work to install side mount dipole antenna in various configurations like drooping and sloping.

Ø This antenna gives powerful signals in any direction.

Types of Dipole Antenna

Different dipole antennas are used for different purposes. Now, we will discuss the various types of the dipole antenna in the below section.

1. Half-wave Dipole Antenna

In this antenna, the dipole length is half the wavelength at the operating frequency. The resonance structure of a half-wave dipole antenna is very simple. This is the reason why a half-wave dipole antenna is used for reception and transmission purposes. The operating frequency of a half-wave dipole antenna is between 3 kHz and 300 GHz.

2. Folded Dipole Antenna

When the collection of the two-dipole antenna is connected separately to form a thin wire loop, it is a folded dipole antenna. This antenna is folded back and contains two half-wave dipoles. One dipole is continuous and the other is split in the center. These two dipoles are folded and connected in parallel together at both ends. It has a high value of feed impedance and wide bandwidth. You can get a folded dipole in two-wire and three-wire types.

3. Short Dipole Antenna

The next type of dipole antenna is a short dipole antenna. It has a smaller length than other kinds of dipole antennas. In this antenna, one end s open-circuited, and the other end is fed by an AC source. The short dipole antenna is used in low-frequency-based receivers. Moreover, the antenna has a frequency range between 3 kHz and 30 MHz.

In this type of antenna, the length is smaller than the wavelength. The voltage source is connected at one end and the lines are ended on the other end.

4. FM Dipole Antenna

FM Dipole Antenna is a kind of VHF Military Coaxial Dipole Antenna with a simple design. It is very simple to design at a low cost. Because of this feature, this antenna is used on roof space or attics in the internal FM broadcast antenna. This VHF Military log periodic Dipole antenna is used for FM broadcasting. The frequency range of this antenna is between 88 MHz and 108 MHz.

5. Fan Dipole Antenna

Another name for a fan dipole antenna is a parallel dipole antenna. It is a kind of multi-wire antenna and is easy to design. Normally, this antenna contains many dipole antennas that have a similar coaxial feed line.

Every dipole must be slash for the band centers where you want to resonate. The mechanical design of a fan dipole antenna is easy to arrange in an inverted V shape horizontally. Moreover, a fan dipole antenna requires a cautious trimming of elements to get resonance at different bands.

6. Dipole Antenna Gain

Antenna gain is a kind of parameter to measure the directivity of an antenna’s radiation pattern. The high-gain antenna will radiate in a particular direction. In this antenna, the power is not included through the antenna but reallocated to give radiated power in a particular direction.

This antenna has several benefits, such as a longer range, better and stronger signals, and so on. It is calculated in dBd for a reference dipole antenna.